Portmanteau: What Is It?
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What is a Portmanteau
In one sense, a portmanteau (pronounced port-man-toh or port-man-too) is a large suitcase which opens into two hinged compartments, but we are concerned with its other definition, a word coined by blending two or more words. The word “portmanteau” is itself a portmanteau, formed by combining the word “porter” (to carry) with the word manteau (coat, mantle). You will be familiar with more modern examples: brunch (breakfast + lunch), smog (smoke + fog), and motel (motor + hotel). But there are many more.
Originally a portmanteau was a court official who was designated to carry the robes of a king in a case with two compartments. Eventually, the case itself, with its two, hinged compartments was called a portmanteau. Today's usage – a word formed from two or more words - comes from Lewis Carroll in Through the Looking Glass. Humpty Dumpty is explaining to Alice the coinage of the strange words in the poem Jabberwocky, considered by many to be the greatest nonsense poem ever written in the English Language:
“ 'Slithy' means 'lithe and slimy'...You see it's like a portmanteau—there are two meanings packed into one word,” and later “ ' Mimsy' is 'flimsy and miserable,' there's another portmanteau for you.”
Carroll later explains the word when he says “Humpty Dumpty's theory, of two meanings packed into one word like a portmanteau, seems to me the right explanation for all. For instance, take the two words "fuming" and "furious." Make up your mind that you will say both words ... you will say "fumious."
Portmanteaus Before and After
There were some examples of such words in use before Carroll coined the term for them. In 1823, the word anecdotage was first recorded, and was a combination of “anecdote” and “dotage”, suggesting a garrulous old age. Squirl, from “squiggle” and “whirl” to describe a handwriting flourish, appeared in 1843. Herman Mehlville used the word snivelization in 1849, from “snivel” and “civilization.”
Portmanteaus Commonly Used
Portmanteaus are so common that often we don't realize when we are using them. Some are obviously a combination of words, some are humorous, and some are highly descriptive.
Some examples are:
Tanzania – Formed when the republics Tanganyika and Zanzibar merged.
Spork – An eating utensil, half spoon, half fork.
Motown - Combination of “motor” and “town.”
Blaxploitation - Combining “black” and “exploitation.”
Beefalo - “Beef” plus “Buffalo.”
Blog – “Web” plus “Log.”
Breathalyser – “Breath” plus “Analyzer,” which unfortunately, many of you are familiar with.
Glitz – “Glamour” plus “Ritz.”
Chortle - “Chuckle” plus “Snort,” another Lewis Carroll creation.
Prissy - “Prim” plus “sissy.”
Sexcapade - “Sex” plus “Escapade,” which some of you have been involved in.
Camcorder - “Camera” plus “Recorder,” what some of you take to your sexcapade.
Infotainment - “Information” plus “Entertainment,” what you create when you use you camcorder at your sexcapade.
Sexpert - “Sex” plus “Expert,” what you become after creating infotainment with your camcorder at a sexcapade.
Humongous - “Huge” plus “Monstrous,” a word heard while creating infotainment with your camcorder at a sexcapade.
Palimony – “Partner” plus “Alimony,” the law suit you are slapped with after your significant other views your infotainment created with your camcorder at a sexcapade. It is usually humongous and you are sorry you ever became a sexpert.
And these are just a few. For a much more extensive list of portmanteaus, please go here.
Portmanteaus by Prefix or Suffix
Created by attaching a prefix or suffix from one word onto another, these portmanteaus give the same association to the newly created words. The most common example would be the word “Watergate.” Suddenly every scandal became a gate word. When the news of the Iran-Contra affair broke, it was called contragate. The Clinton's involvement in Whitewater became Whitewatergate. Another example of portmanteau's is by attaching the suffix oholic from alcoholic, which gives us chocoholic, foodoholic, and sexoholic.
Thus,
when a certain activity involving a stogie between Bill Clinton and
Monica Lewinsky became public, it was called Monicagate and we
learned Clinton was a cigaroholic. We also learned that sometimes a cigar is not just a cigar, which was formerly a Freudism and is now a Reillobite (Reilly + soundbite.)
There
are many examples of portmanteaus using a common prefix right here on
HubPages. Hubtivity (hub + activity) is an example of a
hubword. The HubPages staff is credited with coining hublove as part of a promotion in February, 2008. The popular hubword Hubaholic was first set in print by Jimmy the Jock in April, 2007. Hubpressure was coined by RockinJoe in January, 2009. In response to Joe, I coined the term hubberoids, which comes from sitting on your butt too long while hubbing. The word hubalicious has been used on
occasion. A hubber gave herself the moniker when she signed up for
HubPages in March, 2008. She wrote no hubs however and was never
active. Most current usage is documented as coming from one Pam
Roberson, a popular hubber who also created the character C.A.
Hubberpants. This portmanteau used in a sentence by Pam first appeared in print in January, 2009.
Hubjacking, both the term and the activity,
where a hubgang of hubbers goes onto a hub and takes over the
comment section to discuss whatever strikes their fancy, was first
created in November, 2008, by gwendymom, spryte, and this writer. It was gwendymom who first coined the portmanteau, whereas the activity just evolved.
It should be noted that hubjacking is very good for the hub
that is jacked, which raises its hubscore considerably.
Additionally, the hub in question should be “lonely,” low-scoring
with few comments, and unattended by the author. It's not a hubjacking if the author is in on it. Then it is a hubride (hub + joyride)
There was a forum in which hubbers created many portmanteaus using the prefix hub. I was unable to locate it. Any links to the forum in question, when located and forwarded to me, will be appreciated and posted promptly.
Portmanteaus with Proper Names
Almost everyone is familiar with these cute couple names. Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie became Branjolina. Ben Affleck and Jennifer Lopes were tagged Benifer. Let us consider some possible future hubber couple portmanteaus. If Misha got together with Indian Hubber Shalini, they would be called Mishalini. If Randy Behavior and BlondePoet hooked up, I don't know what their name would be but I would get my camcorder and create infotainment taping their sexcapade and probably become a sexpert with humongous profits and damn the palimony!
And
now you know about the portmanteau. Have a hubappiday! (hub + happy + day)
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Lot of 3 Longmeadow Press Volumes Padded HB Alcott Lewis Carroll Fantasy Wonder
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LEATHER Lewis Carroll ALICE IN WONDERLAND Tenniel ILLUS
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Alice's Adventures In Wonderland by Lewis Carroll Sp. Ed. By Random House 1946
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'Lewis Carroll: A Biography'; Alice in Wonderland; Through the Looking-Glass
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Through the Looking Glass, by Lewis Carroll, 1995, Easton Press - Leather bound
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1901 Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll, Peter Newell 1st edition
Current Bid: $175.00
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Photo Credits
Spork1, mathoov, flickr, http://www.flickr.com/photos/mathoov/2948015777/;
Camcorder, johnmuk, flickr, http://www.flickr.com/photos/jm999uk/182369812/
Sexpert, Dust Mason, flickr, http://www.flickr.com/photos/fiftyfeet/120097172/
CommentsLoading...
You could have joined Shadesbreath as an English professor with this knowledge.
So Humpty Dumpty had no meaning and was thrown in to confuse children? A fine jabberwocky of a thingymagiggywhatsit.
Ha! I loved that word as a kid because of Alice and Wonderland and because I loved the French language. (I learned it in French before i learned it in Alice, if I'm remembering correctly. Of course it could be that I learned it in Alice and when I learned it in French I remembered or re-read Alice and understood it so that it seemed like I had learned it in French first.) I was a Grench girl, or a Freek girl. (Greek French - French Greek) LOL
Perfect humor and great information combined beautifully once again Chris. Or shall I say this is a humative hub!
Oh yeah, so when people say "glitz and glamor" they're actually being redundant, aren't they.
Credit for the term hubjacking I believe belongs to Gwendymom too. I sorta remember its first useage....but it's kinda fuzzy. :)
Snivelization...gawd....that's such a perfect description of life NOW! I'm borrowing it. I'm not sure where or when I'll use it....but it's mine for a while. I'll bring it back when I'm done.
I thought I knew the definition of portmanteau when I started to read your hub. I was therefore very pleased to realize I didn't know as much as I thought I did and learned something new. Thank you!!!
I wonder if this kind of 'Fusion' could cause 'Confusion'. For instance ...Mishalini. LOL
Can I use those definitions with my Chinese students? ;)
Christoph - your writing never fails to delight. And entertain and enliven and give us our laughter dose for the day! And I'm honoured to find mention in your hubs - even if it isn't really me you're referring to :D
Yet another superlative Christophering to light up the Hubtivity Highway!
Wow, very informative! I love Lewis Carroll's work. It's early in the morning, and I need several more cups of coffee right now--otherwise I'd include a witty portmanteau in this comment, but I'm still drooling and running into furniture.
That goes on all day sometimes. :)
Delighted to read this one! It's so interesting to watch a language evolve. Why doesn't someone push to get all the hub-related words into the Oxford Dictionary? Some of you could stand to earn some royalty! :P
Just wanted to say I enjoyed it a lot...I love wordplay. One minor thing you may want to edit...at the top...Motel.....is motor + hotel. then you can delete this comment.
Chris thanks for enightening us. I knew it already tho'. and have ued the word seveal times myself. cool nice thing to know
Chris you are so entertaining. Frieda is right, you are so humative! I'm flattered that you included mine and blonde's hubscapades!
Oh no! I followed CC in here an noticed that my previous comment isn't here! Perhaps it's waiting approval? Maybe it got lost in the hubsphere? Okay, I'll say it again just in case, and if the other one pops up too, then delete the one you like the least! lol!
Okay, what did I say before...great hub...blah, blah, blah...I always love to laugh while I'm learning something new, and I did learn some new things here. It was particularly funny how you managed to incorporate the word "sexcapade" into every following definition for each portmanteau example. :D Then there was some more blah, blah, blah (very good blah-blah's of course).
I recall some portmanteau words with the prefix "hub"...you came up with "hubberoids" on rockinjoe's Hub Pressure hub. Hubpressure could be another one. Hubaholic is one, but i can't remember who came up with that.
Oh how my brain is hurting from trying to remember my brilliant and glowing comment I wrote earlier! ;) lol! I do remember ending by saying that I appreciate your mention of Ms. Hubberpants, and thank you for a highly entertaining read...as usual! :) Oh, and you are hubalicious. :D
Hey Chris
Your hubs always make me feel like I'm being acculturated and bred with breeding and all that nice classy stuff! But the nice thing is, you don't sound highbrow and in fact quite the opposite. Your hubs are always a learning experience. Thanks for always sharing a piece of that brilliant mind of yours that I fear I'm starting to envy (laced with hatred, of course - but just a dash!) :D
You never cease to amaze me with your knowledge and ability to share it in a way that mere mortals can understand! I love love love witty wordsmithing!
Your fan forever,
JamaGenee (pajamas + genealogist)
What a great read, I do enjoy words and how they can be combined to create new meaning, its so true how the media has taken two famous celebrity couples and turned them into a one word phenomenon.
My favorite is bootylicious, which has made its way to the dictionary as meaning a sexually attractive buttocks,.... which I guess if you are just learning the english language.
booty + delicious can get a little confusing since a booty is also referred to as a rich gain or prize, Where as delicious is defined as appealing to one of the bodily senses especially of taste or smell, okay I guess I should stop while I am ahead... LOL
Wow! This is the meat of my infotainment, and the root of my hubaholism. I love words. Such writing engenders friscalations in my head. I am just glad that you used spork before you got into sexcapade. ;)
Ahhhh so all was revealed! Tomorrow, I love you - thanks for the mention Christoph! Congrats - that was an honour that was long overdue!
Have they done away with the Hubber of the Week "About Me" hubs? I haven't seen one in a while! I did so enjoy a peek into the personal life of.....!
Lovely to learn something new and have fun while doing it, muchas gracias for the entertainment and education!
How about "Cortocracy" - combination of corporation and aristocracy, the people who rule our world. Thanks for the mention in your interview Christoph. Good to see you recognised.
Just realised, "Meritocracy", rule by the most talented (never actually realised in the real world). Perhaps we should amend it to "Dumbocracy".
hmmmm? I learned something new today. So that's what it's called. thanks CR! :)
This was so funny to read. Sadly, I didnt realise some of your examples were not actual words of their own making! My personal fave is the spork :)
Christoph, I *do* know you're a huge fan, and not a doubt in my mind that you have great genes that make you look great in jeans, you hubflirt you! ;D
CR, I am sorry I did not get around to reading this earlier. OMG you are so funny. I chorlted through this whole hub. Spork, how can anyone not love that word. It's two of the best things combined, I wish I had invented it. I wonder if there is a market for a spife?
I just read your interview, Intersting stuff. I would have ran from that house too, and never looked back. I want to thank you for the mention. You are too kind and probably one of the funniest people I know. BTW can we change our uniform to something a little more classy?
Thanks CR, really. You're the best!
Absolutely marvelous word play and investigation. I think you could make millions of writings just by perusing the OED and adding your charm, wit, and skill. Add some SEO as well, and you will be among the top Internet millionaires in the US, not by virtue of manipulating the system, but by virtue of who you are and what you give. Awesome, Christoph.
Thank you so much for the mention in your HP interview. I don't know that you know what you mean to me...I guess we mean all that to each other.
As Elena would say, besos, and more than that, muchos besos!
I didn't know that you were part of coining the word "hubjacking" , that is wonderful Christoph and by the way I read your interview it was wonderful !!:)
Chris:
What a joy to open my email and see you as the hubber of the week! Your interview made me smile...tell me...how is it all done?? Do you get time to think up something witty to write or no?
great interview mate.
LOL! Good...I could use an email...my inbox is falling asleep :)
Another wonderful language hub -kepp 'em comin'!
Ok where's all the action tonight?
CR- another good walk through, professor, I didn't know you were so O.G. on coming out with those expressions with GM and Spryte. This place needs a good hubjack thats for sure.
*glares at Christoph*
You know...I thought that was perfectly innocent until I saw it through your eyes. Now I have to go take a shower...ewwwwwwww!!!
Pat says - 'brunch' is one of favourite portmanteau words. There are several meal possibilities in my household, depending on who is here, and what time it is.
We kick off the day with breakfast (which I belive comes from 'break the fast' so maybe it is related to a portmanteau). When hunger pangs stike, it's time for brunch (of course), followed by lunch, and a little bit later 'lea'. A bit later, we remember that we're in England, and have a bite of tea. If there is some reason why some people are late for the evening meal, we fill the gap with 'tinner'. And hope that we will soon tuck in to our dinner. If there a still a pocket of hunger, one can sneak into the kitchen for 'dupper'. To help achieve a sound nights sleep, we have a small supper, but if anyone cannot sleep, the kitchen remains open all night for 'supfast'.
Brilliant hub CR. I really enjoyed this one but I am stunned that you need to write a whole hub to tell everyone that I was an anecdotage practioner! I thought my name said it all! I think this hub was very hubcinct!
The comments of course being hubdrawer as usual.
thanks for the great read. I also enjoyed your interview.
What do you mean we don't flirt? Of course we flirt! This is the part where I act all offended and prudish and you, realizing that I'm just playing hard to get, grab the soap and join me...
Geesh....I'm just trying not to be OBVIOUS. *rolls my eyes*
Yay! Okay...here's the soap. I'll go get the cat. This will be so much fun!
Did we already try that one? Okay...umm....lemme think a moment.
Two cats? No? I can see you frowning with that "C'mon spryte...think of something" look.
Oh oh! I know....let's unroll an entire case of bubble wrap in one lonnnnnnng sheet...soap it up and see if we can slide all the way down without popping any bubbles. But of course if we do that would be fun too. It has to be the GIANT bubble bubble wrap though...don't you agree?
Can I have a try on the slip and slide too? Please Please!
Gwendy! Of course you can...you don't even have to ask.
Mebbe we can combine the two ideas, Chris...soap up the cat and send it down the slip n' slide?
I want to see him soap up the cat, this could get interesting!
LOL! I'm a cat lover in the extreme...but still...BAHAHAHAHA!!!!! Umm...I mean...how tragic! Poor kitty.
Gotta dash...it's raid night on WoW and I have some monsters to slay and goodies to get. Catch you all later!
I'm back...monsters dead and a new robe as a reward. Mmmmm.....pretty!
And I'm not a meanie! I've never harmed a hair on my cats' heads....but I can't say the same for humiliation. :)
You are a smart smart writer, you always manage to come up with things I have never heard of. Well you are certainly educating me. First class once again, and may I say that last little excerpt just tickled my fancy hahaha.Randy and I oooo that's a mighty combo LMAO.We have over time had some shall we say..dirty moments..
yahooooooooo just noticed you are 100 again, well done yayy...crikeys I will get their one day..have to develop a strategy lol
Heck I will be in that. thanks so much I'm all yours, I am all ears
grub is not a good portmanteau for "great hub"; nor is superub, fantasticub, or brillianub. oh dear. I'm not very good at this, am I?
Hahaha I thought you had it all in control xox
What is this you are Hubber Of The Week whaaatt,where does it say that, I never knew this, show me the way (Peter Frampton)
I think I'm a portmanteau.
If you ever get to Queensland, Australia you may be asked if you want a hand with your "port" - nowhere else in Australia - just Queensland - truely weird!
Well don't I just feel all educated, now!? Your hubs always generate a ginormous amount of comments, and it takes me forever to make my way to the bottom. And, as usual, I come away realizing that I'm not as smart as I thought I was. I feel so pathetisad!
Well I think you could go with hubcasm. That would be ok, as opposed to hubgasm, whuch would be the reaction to a really, really good hub. Your hubs, however, often result in a hubpiphany!
I read it oh that was kalabunga. I never knew hubbers were interviewed.I must have been in the Dark Ages,thank God I have seen the light
I feel as silly as my a co-worker of mine should have a few years ago when she admitted that she thought "The Lion Sleeps Tonight" was an original song written for "The Lion King". I only knew this word from Alice in Wonderland and didn't know it has a meaning in everyday life.
LOL @ the slip and slide......
Fun Hub, Christoph - but I've always thought my girlfriend made up "humongous" in the 1970's. :) Live and learn. (On the other hand, she was also one to use "humunga" (which is, I guess, "a-whole-nother" thing completely). (Good to see Humpty Dumpty again. I haven't seen him for a long time. )
Strewth cobber this a great game I reckon I gotta pointmytoe word,
howsabout 'absobloodylutely'.
I love reedin yaw Ub's mate, i jest lurn so much off of em.
Excellent hub! I recently had to explain to some students the portmanteau "malware" - malicious + software.
Beautifully built hub. What a hubsmith you are!
Much hubaloo about nothing (apologies to Will)
hubsalutely!
Yes I took a few days break at the coast and got a cold (swine 'flu?) for my troubles. Cough cough - ouch.
Thanks for your good wishes.
PS (for Hairy) I think that The captain's story is a hubnovelette or a hubsaga or is it a true hubseries?
Perhaps it is a mobhub as opposed to a hubmob effort?
LOL Love ya guys! Great reading and comments, thank you Chris and Anjali :)
Geat hub: I was flubbergasted (A flabbergasted hubber - well, I ain't as good as you!) Sort of hub one thinks, Wish I'd written that.

















































Amy G 2 years ago
See? I really do learn something new everyday! I really enjoyed this one!